Future Classic: 2007-2014 Toyota FJ Cruiser
Toyota's 21st Century Off-Road Capable FJ Has Clearly Captured the Hearts of Collectors
12/11/2023
Toyota’s Land Cruiser has been with us in one form or another since its debut in the early 1950s as a Jeep competitor. Sold in the U.S. from 1960 through 1983, the two-door FJ40 generation practically defined off-roading Japanese style in this country. Subsequent iterations sold here have been with four doors only. With each new generation more luxurious than the past, the Land Cruiser crept farther and farther from its utilitarian off-road roots.
Enter the FJ Cruiser. Originally just a design study, with no plans for production, the FJ Cruiser Concept made its debut at the 2003 Detroit Auto Show. Designed at Toyota’s Calty Design Research facility in California, the concept car/design study featured a 21st century take on the original FJ40 proportions and styling cues and it proved to be a hit. As the vehicle made the car show circuit, consumers responded positively to it and Toyota began getting requests to build it. We’d like to think people pulled out their wallets and waved money at the Toyota show stand reps, though we also suspect people were more civil than that.
FJ Cruiser Production Model: 2007-2014
Toyota greenlit the FJ and the first production vehicles began rolling out of Toyota subsidiary Hino Motors’ factory in Hamura, Japan in 2006. Based on a slightly shortened version of the body-on-frame chassis that underpinned the contemporary 4Runner, the FJ Cruiser was built for off-road prowess, with high ground clearance, skid plates and suspension components tucked into less-vulnerable areas underneath. Production for the U.S. continued through the 2014 model year, with some minor changes along the way, and several limited edition models, too.
The FJ Cruiser’s homage to the original FJ40 included round headlamps, the wide C-pillar and even a two-tone paint scheme with a white roof. Given that the average modern SUV spends more time idling in the middle school pickup line than it does anywhere near a trail, Toyota deserves credit for offering some serious off-road capabilities straight from the factory floor, starting with the available drivetrain options.
FJ Cruiser Drivetrain Options
The base FJ Cruiser came with a five-speed automatic transmission and rear-wheel drive only, though with an automatic limited-slip that used computer control to modulate the brakes and deliver power to the rear tire with the most traction. Optional with the five-speed auto was a part-time four-wheel-drive system that allowed for shift-on-the-fly engagement of four-wheel high, but required a full stop to engage low-range four-wheel drive. For buyers who fancied the sort of hardcore off-road, rock-crawling adventure they put in the brochure—and the brochure showed the FJ Cruiser getting plenty of that action—Toyota offered a six-speed manual paired with a full-time all-wheel-drive system.
That all-wheel-drive/manual combo included a Torsen limited-slip center differential and allowed for selection of four-wheel high, four-wheel low and even four-wheel low with an electronically locking rear differential. The locking rear diff was optional on automatic-equipped models when buyers selected the Off-Road Package, which also included a floating-ball multi-information display with an inclinometer, compass and outside temperature gauge, along with A-TRAC, Toyota’s name for active traction control. Switching on the rear differential lock automatically disables A-TRAC. The other element of the off-road option was a set of Bilstein shocks tuned for the trail.
FJ Cruiser 1GR-FE 4.0-Liter V6 Engine
The only engine offered, regardless of transmission or drivetrain choice, was Toyota’s 4.0-liter 1GR-FE V6 engine, which features four cams and 24 valves. With variable-valve timing on the intake tract, it was rated at 239 horsepower at 5,200 rpm and 278 lb-ft of torque at 4,800 rpm when the FJ Cruiser was introduced in 2006. An upgraded 1GR-FE with variable-valve timing added to the exhaust side, too, was introduced in 2009. With displacement unchanged, the revised engine carried a rating of 260 horsepower at 5,600 rpm with 271 lb-ft of torque at 4,400 rpm.
Off-Road Suspension and Setup
Like the 4Runner, the FJ has independent front suspension with upper and lower control arms, coil springs and an anti-roll bar. The solid axle rear end is also coil sprung with a four-link setup and a Panhard rod and an anti-roll bar. Skid plates were standard for the engine, front suspension, fuel tank and transfer case (for those models so equipped).
As an off-road-capable vehicle straight from the factory, there were other elements of the FJ Cruiser that were adventure ready right from the showroom floor, including water-resistant fabric-trimmed seats front and rear, heavy-duty all-weather flooring and rear deck, and cargo-area tie-down hooks. Mud and snow rated tires were also standard kit as were black “overfenders” with mud guards.The rear differential for the 2007-2009 models was the venerable Toyota 8in solid axle. Though it had proven a workhorse for the brand, the FJ Cruiser's weight and -off-road intensions lead Toyota to offer an upgraded, stronger 8.2in unit from 2010 upward. In 2013 a Crawl Control feature was added that allowed the driver to set an automated pace of the truck to navigate obstacles.
FJ Cruiser Interior Features
Given the strong likelihood that most FJ Cruiser owners would spend plenty of time on paved roads—and even potentially idling in that middle school pickup line—Toyota also equipped every single one with air conditioning, a six-speaker sound system with Bluetooh and satellite connectivity (an 11-speaker JBL system with a subwoofer and CD player was optional), a tilting steering column, power windows, power locks, a rear-window defroster, and an auto-dimming rearview mirror with an integrated display for the backup camera.
Though it looks like a two-door model, the FJ Cruiser actually has small rear-opening doors on both sides of the vehicle. With both doors open, access for rear-seat passengers was far easier than if the vehicle just had two doors. With grab handles, analog gauges, rubber floor mats and tough plastic surfaces, the FJ Cruiser hardly posed as a luxury car, and felt the part of a rugged off roader.
FJ Cruiser Production
The FJ Cruiser certainly appealed to the legion of fans who had been clamoring for a replacement for the original two-door FJ40, as well as those off-road fans looking for a Jeep or Land Rover alternative. The FJ Cruiser went on sale in March of 2006 as a 2007 model year vehicle. Sales were robust for Toyota, which reported annual sales, rather than model year sales. Initial volume in 2006 and 2007 topped 55,000 units each year, followed by more than 28,000 in 2008. But by 2009, the luster of the retro-cool FJ had worn off, with sales tumbling to just under 12,000. Admittedly, 2009 was one of the worst years in decades for the auto industry in the recession-rattled United States. But even as the economy recovered, sales averaged roughly 14,000 per year until Toyota pulled the plug after the 2014 model year.
As with so many cars, particularly those with polarizing looks or built for a special purpose, not long after production ended, FJ Cruiser values stopped depreciating and began accelerating. According to the data compiled by Classic.com, values increased around 150% between early 2020 and early 2022. Though that burst of growth has tapered off a bit, even coming down slightly in the past 20 months or so, FJ Cruisers are trading at double what they were selling for in 2019.
Values Prospect and Special Editions
As with almost any other car, low-mileage, undamaged, unmodified, well-maintained examples will always carry a premium over lesser examples. Toyota produced special editions each year of FJ sales in the U.S., and these models also carry a premium over standard FJs. Look for both TRD (Toyota Racing Development) as well as Trail Teams Special Edition models to best retain value, but do note that equipment and specification varied year to year. Later vehicles with lower production volume, along with higher-spec engines, are also likely to provide better value over the years.
With its prodigious capabilities, FJ Cruisers used heavily off-road might have been subject to conditions most vehicles might otherwise not see, and in some cases that could results in damage. Close inspection of frame, suspension, skid plate and body damage is certainly warranted when shopping for an FJ Cruiser.
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Images from Pat Foster's collection
Courtesy of Pat Foster
One of the first products of the Mitchell Motor Car Company was the small runabout seen here. Although the photo is identified as a 1903 model it appears to be of later vintage, possibly 1904/1905.
The Mitchell saga began in 1838 when Scottish immigrant Henry Mitchell moved to Kenosha, Wisconsin, and established the Mitchell Wagon Company, a manufacturer that became known as "The first wagon maker of the Northwest." Successful almost from the start, in 1854 Mitchell moved his business to larger quarters in nearby Racine. It continued to expand and in time son-in-law William Lewis joined the company. Lewis eventually headed the firm and changed its name to Mitchell & Lewis Wagon Company. During the Gay Nineties, Mitchell & Lewis established another business, the Wisconsin Wheel Works, to produce bicycles, and for a while was manufacturing light motorcycles too. Thus,established in the transportation field, the idea of producing automobiles was the next logical step.
In a major change of company direction, Wisconsin Wheel Works sold its bicycle business and was succeeded by the Mitchell Motor Car Company, a subsidiary of the Mitchell-Lewis Wagon Company. The former’s first models were two small runabouts: one powered by a 7-hp, single-cylinder two-stroke engine, the other by a 4-hp, four-stroke single. Reportedly, sales were modest, despite prices that began at a mere $600 for the 4-hp model. It seems the company initially had difficulty reaching high-volume production due to problems acquiring sufficient parts and components, but when resolved sales quickly improved.
For 1904 a new 7-hp two-cylinder runabout on a 72-inch wheelbase chassis, and a 16-hp four-cylinder touring model on a 90-inch wheelbase, replaced the previous one-lungers. The two-passenger runabout was priced at $750, while the five-passenger touring car started at $1,500.
Courtesy of Pat Foster
Mitchell’s 1910 cars were priced from $1,100 to $2,000. The company said of its car, “It is rakish, smart, refined, solid, comfortable and luxurious. It is silent in running – absolutely silent – and it will last and serve you faithfully for years to come.”
In the years that followed Mitchell cars grew bigger and more powerful. In 1906 a 24/30-hp five-passenger, 100-inch wheelbase Model D-4 Touring car joined the expanded line-up priced at $1,800. The company reportedly sold 663 cars that year. For 1907 Mitchell offered three distinct series: the Model E, a 20-hp two-passenger Runabout on a 90-inch wheelbase; the Model D 24/30-hp five-passenger 100-inch wheelbase Touring; and the Model F seven-passenger Touring on a 108-inch wheelbase. Prices ranged from $1,000 to $2,000 and total sales more than doubled.
By 1910, Mitchell was offering five models: two- and three-passenger runabouts and a Runabout Surrey in the Model R series, each powered by a 30-hp four-cylinder engine and priced at $1,100; and two touring cars, a 30-hp four-cylinder Model T for $1,350, and a 50-hp six-cylinder Model S priced at a lofty $2,000. That year’s sales totaled 5,733 units. (There was even a jaunty little song titled "Give Me a Spin in Your Mitchell, Bill,” a recording of which can still be found on the internet.) The same year, Lewis retired, and Mitchell Motor Car Company and Mitchell & Lewis merged to form the Mitchell-Lewis Motor Company with Lewis’s son,William Mitchell Lewis, named president.
In 1912 a stylish $2,500 four-cylinder Limousine joined a line-up that included a budget-priced 25-hp Runabout for $950 and an $1,150 Touring car, both of which used a four-cylinder engine and a 100-inch wheelbase chassis. Also available was a $1,350 four-cylinder Touring, while a Model 5-6 34-hp Baby Six Touring and Roadster were available on a 125-inch wheelbase, each costing $1.750. Finally, there was a big seven-passenger Model 7-6 six-cylinder Touring on a regal 135-inch wheelbase for $2,250. Sales for the year were 5,145 cars.
Courtesy of Pat Foster
The Mitchell line of six-cylinder cars for 1917 saw lower prices, with the Mitchell seven-passenger priced at $1,460 and the Mitchell Junior priced at $1,150.
Unfortunately, sales were just 3,087 cars in 1913 and William M Lewis left the firm to start a new company building the so-called Lewis car. Banker Joseph Winterbottom took over as president and the firm was reorganized as the Mitchell Motors Company. Only 3,500 Mitchells were sold in 1914, perhaps a result of the company’s emphasis on higher-priced models. For 1915 new lower-priced Light Four and Light Six models seemed just the thing to spark a revival, and some 6,174 Mitchells were sold that year.
Mitchell sales manager Otis Friend then took over as president. Believing that offering more cylinders was the way to go, for 1916 the company dropped its four-cylinder models in favor of value-priced six- and eight-cylinder cars. It was the right move; sales climbed to 9,589 units, its highest total yet.
The company continued to flourish, selling 10,069 cars in 1917, but in ‘18 Otis Friend left to start his own car company in Pontiac, Michigan. Replacing him was formerGeneral Electric executive D.C. Durland. Things initially went well, and by 1919, Mitchell prices ranged from $1,275 to $2,850; some 10,100 cars were sold. While the company was profitable, it seems management might have been feeling over-confident because for ‘20 it was decided new Mitchells would feature unique styling touches to help them stand out.
Sedans boasted unusual vee'd windshields, with a prominent forward-placed center post supporting angled side panes, and cowls featured a forward sweep on each side, very much in the style of expensive custom-built cars. The angle of the sweep didn’t match the angle of the windshield post, which gave the closed cars a slightly odd appearance. The biggest styling feature, one that was impossible to ignore, was a radiator that tilted back at a noticeable angle. Print advertisements bragged that "Future styling trends…" were "Forecasted by the new Mitchell design." Ads claimed, "These new Mitchell Sixes bring to motoring America its first accurate example of the coming style [and].... viewed from any angle–from inside or out - the effect is impressive."
Courtesy of Pat Foster
The 1920 Mitchell Touring car, to my eyes, looks a bit sporty with its sweptback radiator shell, but many buyers didn’t like it.
Looking at the 1920 Mitchells today it’s difficult to see any big styling problem. In fact, on Touring models the sweptback radiator adds to the sporty appeal, at least in my opinion. But on closed cars the different lines and angles of the split vee-d windshield post, cowl sweeps, and radiator shell offer too much visual conflict. Apparently, they must have seemed even more at odds with convention then because the ’20 models soon earned the nickname “The Drunken Mitchells.”
Pundits love to poke fun, so "The Drunken Mitchell” sobriquet stuck. It’s easy to guess what happened next. Sales fell 36 percent, with the slump worsening in 1921 when a mere 2,162 cars were sold, this even after a hasty restyle. The ’22 model year was about the same. Then in 1923 Mitchell sales collapsed entirely and only about 100 cars were sold. The company had come to the end of the line. Despite a history going back more than 80 years, Mitchell was gone by the end of 1923.
One company benefitted from Mitchell’s demise. In January 1924, the Nash Motors Company of Kenosha, needing more production capacity, acquired the Mitchell plant for $405,000.
Photography by Scotty Lachenauer
Photo by Scotty Lachenauer
Tim, a resident of West Deptford, New Jersey, is well versed in Buick’s Riviera legacy, thanks largely tohis dad, Gene Guarnere, who has had a penchant for the personal luxury car since he was a teen. “My dad has been into first generation Rivieras since he came home from Vietnam in 1967. That’s when he got his first ’64 to drive back and forth from South Philadelphia to Fort Dix, to finish his draft requirement,” Tim says.
Since then, Tim estimates his dad has owned too many Rivieras to count, through a combination of having driven, collected, parted out, and rebuilt many for resale. Though the Riviera nameplate lasted for eight generations of production, and thirty-six years as a standalone model, the 1963-’65 editions will always be Gene’s favorite. “There’s something about those Rivieras. There was really nothing like them on the market at the time,” Gene says.
The Riviera name had a long history with Buick. It first appeared in conjunction with the revolutionary true hardtop design unveiled within the 1949 Roadmaster lineup, the missing B-pillar ushering in “Riviera styling.” That design moniker evolved slightly through the mid-Fifties, provoking thoughts of elegant open road motoring for a modest price, and it even survived Buick’s model name revamp of ’59, when it became a trim level within the Electra 225 series though ’62.
Right about the time the dust was settling from the Buick renaming buzz, GM Advanced Styling guru Ned Nickles had already created a sketch of a new car that–according to later interviews with Nickles and GM Styling boss Bill Mitchell–was based on Mitchell’s foggy visit to London, where he spotted a custom-bodied Rolls-Royce in front of the Savoy hotel. Mitchell is famously quoted as saying, “make it a Ferrari-Rolls-Royce.”
Photo by Scotty Lachenauer
What makes this 1964 Buick Riviera desirable among collectors is the optional dual-quad 425-cu.in. V-8, which boasted 360 hp. It would become the foundation of Gran Sport option a year later.
Coincidentally, Cadillac was considering the introduction of a junior line to bolster sales, helping prompt the development of the XP-715 project (Mitchell is also quoted as saying GM didn’t take kindly to Ford attending the Motorama events to study concept cars, which lead to the four-seat Thunderbird, prompting development of the XP-715). Unofficially, it was dubbed La Salle II, but by the time a full-size clay mockup had been created, Cadillac had reversed its sales slump and was having trouble filling orders. It didn’t need a new car complicating matters.
The XP-715 might have been forgotten had Buick’s general manager Ed Rollert not learned of its unclaimed status. He made a pitch for the project but would have to fight for rights to it with Oldsmobile’s and Pontiac’s management. The latter was lukewarm on the idea of adding another series, while Olds wanted to modify the existing design, something Mitchell was deadset against. By April 1961, the XP-715 / La Salle II concept mockup was photographed wearing Buick emblems.
In the fall of 1962, Buick rolled out the Riviera on a new E-body platform. The car was a departure for Buick, with “knife edge” body lines, minimal trim, a Ferrari-like egg-crate style grille flanked by running lamps/signal indicators behind 1938-’39 inspired La Salle grilles, and kickups over the rear wheels designed to hint at the car’s power (helping conjure the “Coke bottle” design nomenclature). It was an amalgam of styles, fitting in somewhere between a sports car and luxury car, all rolled up in one breathtaking package.
Speaking of power, the Riviera was equipped with Buick’s four-barrel equipped 401-cu.in. V-8 that boasted 325 hp and 445 lb-ft. of torque, though in early December, the division started to offer the 340-hp, four-barrel 425-cu.in. engine as optional Riviera equipment. Just 2,601 examples of the latter were produced. Backing either engine Buick’s Twin Turbine Dynaflow automatic in its final year of production.
Photo by Scotty Lachenauer
Although the cabin is in dire need of detailing, it looks otherwise complete.
A year later, Buick management elevated the 340-hp, single four-barrel 425 engine to standard power team status, paired with a new Super Turbine 400 automatic transmission. Peppy as the engine was, a dual four-barrel version of the 425 became available, known as the “Super Wildcat.” Aside from its eye-opening 360 hp and 465 lb-ft. of torque, it looked the part of a performertoo, due to finned aluminum rocker covers and a twin-snorkel chrome air cleaner assembly. Despite its low production, only 2,122 of the 37,658 Rivieras built for ’64 came equipped as such, this engine became the cornerstone of Riviera’s Gran Sport package for ’65, cementing Buick’s legacy as a luxurious personal muscle car.
Although any first-gen Riviera is a great score to Tim and Gene, some examples are better than others, whether it was due to overall condition or the car’s born-with options. So, when this 1964 Riviera popped up on Gene’s radar 30-plus years ago, he quickly made a deal. “The history between my dad and this car is a long one. He first bought this car in northeast Philadelphia for $1,450 in the early Nineties,” Tim says.
The reason Gene wanted it more than any other that previously crossed his path was that not only was it in reasonably good shape, but the Buick also turned out to be one of the relatively rare dual-quad 425 examples. But like many of the Rivieras that came Gene’s way over the years, the Buick didn’t stick around too long. “The car was sold and/or traded multiple times for the first fifteen years my dad knew about it,” Tim says.
Photo by Scotty Lachenauer
However, like all good things, they somehow find their way home and this car is no exception. “For some reason, the Riviera always ended up with us some way or another. I finally ended up buying the car from the last owner in 2009. He had it stored in my dad’s barn during his ownership, so we knew it was in a safe place for a long time. I now have it tucked away in one of my garages waiting for the next phase in its lifeline.”
What Tim has in possession is an interesting example beyond the power team. “This Riviera is typical of the examples built in ’64. It’s just chock full of options that cater to the upscale buyers that would have had the funds to purchase one of these high-end rides from the dealership.”
Present within are many of the accoutrements that catered to the posh consumers in the luxury sports car market. Options here include the Deluxe vinyl and cloth interior, tilt column, and power seats. Power windows and power vent windows add to the lavishness of the Buick’s aesthetic, while its front seat belts, rear armrests, wood ornamentation, and rear defroster only add to the upscale feel.
Though it's seen better days, the condition of the interior is remarkable, knowing of its lengthy journey since it was taken off the road circa 1980. The upholstery is dirty and moldy but with a good washing it will probably clean up nicely. The dash is also in great shape, though since the V-8 has not been started in years, there’s no way to determine what gauges and switches are functional. Underneath the carpet, the floors are solid as well, owing to its life mostly indoors.
Photo by Scotty Lachenauer
The 1938-'39 La Salle grille is said to have inspired the Riviera's vertically stacked running lamp grilles.
Under the hood it looks as if the engine has barely been touched. It’s “KX” code stamped on the block is still visible, the original Carter carburetors are present, and the wiring and plumbing still appear usable. The air conditioning looks to be intact as well. Finally, power brakes and power steering round out the luxury amenities.
Outside, the body is in excellent shape for a car of this vintage. The last 30-plus years of indoor storage has helped keep the metal intact, though minor body work will be needed on the quarter panels to get it up to snuff. The original Claret Mist paint has turned to a satin finish under all the dirt, but a good cleaning and buff could bring it back to life. Most of the trim is also in great shape, and the car appears to be relatively complete, save for a few pieces of rear window trim.
As for the mechanical functionality beyond instrumentations, no one is really sure of its condition “My first order of business would be to send the engine to “Nailhead” Matt Martin in California, who is an artist that works in the nailhead medium; he’s the ultimate authority in these V-8s. I believe the rest of the car deserves a nut and bolt restoration, too. That time will come soon,” Tim says.
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