CN102687801A - Application of oudemansiella radicata mycelium polysaccharides to livestock feed - Google Patents
Application of oudemansiella radicata mycelium polysaccharides to livestock feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN102687801A CN102687801A CN2012101507175A CN201210150717A CN102687801A CN 102687801 A CN102687801 A CN 102687801A CN 2012101507175 A CN2012101507175 A CN 2012101507175A CN 201210150717 A CN201210150717 A CN 201210150717A CN 102687801 A CN102687801 A CN 102687801A
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Abstract
The invention relates to application of oudemansiella radicata mycelium polysaccharides to livestock feed. Weight ratio of additive to feed of the livestock feed containing the oudemansiella radicata mycelium polysaccharides is 1-50:100000. The oudemansiella radicata mycelium polysaccharides additive can be added to the feed for feeding livestock, and accordingly appetite whetting and growth promotion are achieved, immunity and body disease resistance of livestock are improved, meat of livestock is improved, and quality and quantity of poultry eggs can be increased. By scientific combination of the formula, growth promotion, immunity enhancement and survival rate increase can be realized for livestock without adding antibiotics and the like into the feed as additives, and drug residue in livestock products is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Feed Manufacturing technical field, relate to particularly with long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides list with or use with as poultry and livestock feed additive with other auxiliary material, in livestock culture, add in the feed, reach the enhancing livestock immunity, promote the purpose that the fowl dirty swine is long.
Background technology
Polysaccharide (polysaccharide) is to be formed by the condensation of a plurality of monose molecule, dehydration, is the complicated and huge glucide of molecule mechanism, is distributed widely in animal, plant and the microorganism.Fungi polysaccharide generally is meant the fructification of various fungies and one type of metabolite that mycelium is produced.At present, thousands of kinds of fungies are arranged in the world approximately.Many delicious fungies with practical value are wherein not only arranged, many fungies with health care are also arranged.Fungi polysaccharide has good efficacy at aspects such as treatment cancer of the stomach, colon cancer, lung cancer.As immune ancillary drug, fungi polysaccharide mainly is used for suppressing generation, the development of tumour and shifts, and improves the sensitiveness of tumour to chemotherapeutics, improves the patient's body situation, prolongs its life-span.
For a long time, because the growth promotion health-care agents such as antibiotic, chemical synthetic drug and hormone that are widely used in the animal feed cause livestock and poultry and aquatic products product Chinese traditional medicine residual serious, directly be detrimental to health; The animal products quality descends, lacking of market competition ability and prestige; Bacterial drug resistance strengthens, antibody-resistant bacterium increases, and threatens human security; Destroy ecological environment.
At present, the feed addictive that developed country produces and uses has thousands of kinds, and U.S.'s approved uses has kind more than 260, and annual consumption feed addictive reaches 6,500,000 tons; Existing 250 kinds of the feed addictive of the legal registration of European Union; Japan has 128 kinds.About 80 kinds of feed addictive that China's approved uses, wherein the only kind more than 40 of standard has also been formulated in domestic production, and all the other are external products of the approval of import.With abroad compare, the feed addictive kind of China is few, output is little, price is high, and has many products not form large-scale production as yet, can not satisfy the needs of aquaculture production development.China is not enough to the basic research of feed addictive simultaneously, and the technological reserve amount is low, and many novel additive kinds all can not be produced, and lack high-caliber premix formulation, and the production technology level is low, and its integral level and developed country's gap are bigger.Expend several hundred million first foreign exchanges from external import additive every year.
Therefore; Exploitation has various biological functions such as anti-oxidant and enhance immunity power, replaces chemical synthetic drug, improves the feed local flavor; Improve the palatability of feed; Satisfying the nutritional need of livestock and poultry, promote the natural green feed addictive of body growth to have more vast potential for future development, also is problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of green natural poultry and livestock feed additive, in livestock culture, add in the poultry and livestock feed, can strengthen livestock immunity, improve its resistance against diseases, promote the fowl dirty swine long.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides list is used or is mixed use preparation long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides type poultry and livestock feed additive with auxiliary material, daily poultry, in the raising of herding, adds in the feed.
Described auxiliary material can comprise little mpd polypeptide, wheat bran polypeptide, black rice polypeptide, seed of Job's tears polypeptide, photosynthetic bacteria, streptococcus fecalis, lactic acid bacteria, Bifidobacterium and bacillus.
When the long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides mixed use preparation long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides type poultry and livestock feed additive with above-mentioned auxiliary material, poultry and livestock feed additive was formed as follows by weight percentage:
Long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides 65%-75%, millet polypeptide 1%-5%, wheat bran polypeptide 1%-5%, black rice polypeptide 1%-5%,
Seed of Job's tears polypeptide 1%-5%, photosynthetic bacteria 1%-3%, streptococcus fecalis 1%-3%, lactic acid bacteria 1%-3%,
Bifidobacterium 1%-3%, bacillus 1%-3%.
Mix use as poultry and livestock feed additive with long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides list usefulness or with auxiliary material, when being applied to poultry and livestock feed, the weight portion proportioning of poultry and livestock feed additive and poultry and livestock feed is: poultry and livestock feed additive 1-50 part, 100000 parts of poultry and livestock feeds.
The long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides that the present invention relates to is the fungi polysaccharide that is extracted by the long root mushroom mycelium, is main with acidic polysaccharose.The long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides that can adopt process combination commercial or that adopt ultrasonic-microwave-complex enzyme zymohydrolysis method of fractional steps to extract.
The step that the process combination of employing ultrasonic-microwave-complex enzyme zymohydrolysis method of fractional steps is extracted the long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides is following:
1) ultrasonic lixiviate: long root mushroom mycelium dry powder is soluble in water, and solid-liquid ratio is pressed mass ratio 1:10-1:30, and the control temperature is 50-90 ℃, and pH value 4.0-8.0, ultrasonic power are 100W-500W, and ultrasonic time is 20min-60min;
2) microwave assisted extraction: microwave power 300W-500W, the microwave time is 20min-60min;
3) complex enzyme zymohydrolysis extracts: the complex enzyme addition is 1.0%-5.0%, and the control temperature is 30-60 ℃, and pH 4.0-8.0, enzymolysis time are 30min-60min; Suction filtration, the filtrating rotary evaporation concentrates, and adds 95% precipitation with alcohol polysaccharide of 4 times of volumes, and 2000rmp is centrifugal, and supernatant, freeze drying are removed in the back.Described complex enzyme is cellulase and papain mixing by mass ratio 1:0.5 ~ 2.
The little mpd polypeptide of auxiliary material that the present invention adopts, wheat bran polypeptide, black rice polypeptide and seed of Job's tears polypeptide can adopt commercial or adopt and extract the biologically active peptide that enzymatic isolation method prepares behind the protein.
The initiative technology of tool of the present invention is that the long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides is combined as the former material list usefulness of the core functionality of poultry and livestock feed additive or with other nutrient;, scientific combination reasonably combined according to modern animal nutrition model used, and forms to have the glycan mixed fodder additive that improves fowl poultry body function.
The poultry and livestock feed additive that contains the long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides of the present invention in the raising of existing poultry, livestock, can mix with existing poultry and livestock feed arbitrarily, can reach the enhancing livestock immunity, improves resistance against diseases, promotes the purpose that the fowl dirty swine is long.
Add long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides type feed addictive of the present invention and do not influence after this processing other modes of feed.
The present invention compares with prior art has following advantage: the forage feed fowl poultry of adding long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides type poultry and livestock feed additive; Have improving a poor appetite, promote growth, the disease-resistant effect of being healthy and strong; Can improve the immunity of fowl poultry; Improve fowl poultry meat, can also improve bird lay eggs quality and quantity.Through the scientific combination of prescription, can not reach effect thereby need in feed, not add chemicals such as antibiotic as feed addictive yet, and avoid the medicament residue in the livestock product the promotion growth of fowl poultry and raising immunity, survival rate.Long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides source is simple, prepares the long root mushroom mycelium through biological fermentation process, and method for distilling is ripe, and cost is lower, adds in the poultry and livestock feed, reduces conventional feed and antibiotic application, improves fowl poultry edible safety, reduces feed cost.
The specific embodiment
For the ease of understanding the present invention, special case is lifted following examples.Its effect is understood that it is to explaination of the present invention but not to any type of restriction of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides list is used as poultry and livestock feed additive, mixes Feeding Pig by weight the ratio of 10:100000 and the pig feed of routine.
Can also the above-mentioned feed that mixes be prepared pig starter feed by common process again, the piglet of directly feeding.
Present embodiment adopts the long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides that extracts with the process combination of ultrasonic-microwave-complex enzyme zymohydrolysis method of fractional steps, and step is following:
1) ultrasonic lixiviate: long root mushroom mycelium dry powder is fully soluble in water; Solid-liquid ratio is pressed mass ratio 1:10-1:30, under this solid-liquid ratio condition, carries out hot water lixiviate polysaccharide; The control extraction temperature is 50-90 ℃; Lixiviate pH value 4.0-8.0, ultrasonic power is between the 100W-500W, ultrasonic time is 20min-60min;
2) microwave assisted extraction then: between the control microwave power 300W-500W, the Microwave Extraction time is 20min-60min;
3) last complex enzyme zymohydrolysis extracts: complex enzyme (cellulase and papain mass ratio are 1:1) addition is 1.0%-5.0% (w%), and hydrolysis temperature is 30-60 ℃, and enzymolysis pH value range 4.0-8.0 enzymolysis time is 30min-60min.Suction filtration, filter residue extract 2 times repeatedly, merging filtrate.The filtrating rotary evaporation be concentrated into original volume 1/4 after, add 95% precipitation with alcohol polysaccharide of 4 times of volumes, 2000rmp is centrifugal, and supernatant, freeze drying are removed in the back.The long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides yield of extracting through this process combination obviously improves, and yield reaches more than 85%.
The long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides also can adopt commercial product.
Embodiment 2
(1) long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides type poultry and livestock feed additive
1) long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides type poultry and livestock feed additive is formed as follows by weight percentage:
Long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides 70%, millet polypeptide 5%, wheat bran polypeptide 5%, black rice polypeptide 5%,
Seed of Job's tears polypeptide 5%, photosynthetic bacteria 2%, streptococcus fecalis 2%, lactic acid bacteria 2%,
Bifidobacterium 2%, bacillus 2%.
Present embodiment adopts the long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides that extracts with the process combination of ultrasonic-microwave-complex enzyme zymohydrolysis method of fractional steps, and the preparation method is with embodiment 1.
The little mpd polypeptide of present embodiment, wheat bran polypeptide, the biologically active peptide of enzymatic isolation method preparation behind black rice polypeptide and the seed of Job's tears polypeptide employing extraction protein.The step for preparing biologically active peptide with enzymatic isolation method behind the extraction protein is following: wheat bran, millet, black rice, the seed of Job's tears are pulverized; By with the weight ratio 1: 10 ~ 20 of NaOH solution, add the NaOH solution of pH 11 respectively, extracting temperature is 45-55 ℃; Time is 2-3h; Transfer pH to isoelectric point, centrifugal collecting precipitation, freeze drying makes wheat bran, millet, black rice, seed of Job's tears protein powder respectively; Get wheat bran, millet, black rice, seed of Job's tears protein powder, add the alkali protease enzymolysis respectively, enzymatic hydrolysis condition is: pH 8, and enzyme addition alive is 6000u/g, time 2.5-3.5h, 50 ℃ of temperature; Add the composite flavor protease hydrolyzed then, enzymatic hydrolysis condition is: pH 6, and enzyme addition alive is 6000u/g, time 1-1.5h, 55 ℃ of temperature; Enzymolysis liquid behind the enzymolysis is heated to 100 ℃, kept 10 minutes; Adopting molecular cut off is the ultrafiltration of l0kDa ultrafiltration plate, and collecting molecular weight is the enzymolysis liquid below the 10kDa; Freeze drying makes little mpd polypeptide respectively, wheat bran polypeptide, black rice polypeptide and seed of Job's tears polypeptide.
Little mpd polypeptide, wheat bran polypeptide, black rice polypeptide and seed of Job's tears polypeptide also can adopt commercial product.
2) preparation method: with long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides and little mpd polypeptide, wheat bran polypeptide, the black rice polypeptide, seed of Job's tears polypeptide, photosynthetic bacteria, streptococcus fecalis, lactic acid bacteria, Bifidobacterium and bacillus are got material by above-mentioned proportioning, mix to get final product.
(2) mix poultry and livestock feed
Ratio and the meat chicken complete feed of long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides type poultry and livestock feed additive by weight 30:100000 mixed preparation meat chicken feed, the chicken of directly feeding.
Embodiment 3
(1) long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides type poultry and livestock feed additive
1) long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides type poultry and livestock feed additive is formed as follows by weight percentage:
Long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides 75%, millet polypeptide 3%, wheat bran polypeptide 3%, black rice polypeptide 2%,
Seed of Job's tears polypeptide 2%, photosynthetic bacteria 3%, streptococcus fecalis 3%, lactic acid bacteria 3%,
Bifidobacterium 3%, bacillus 3%.
Present embodiment adopts the long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides that extracts with the process combination of ultrasonic-microwave-complex enzyme zymohydrolysis method of fractional steps, and the preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Present embodiment adopts with enzymatic isolation method after extracting protein and prepares the little mpd polypeptide of the method preparation of biologically active peptide, wheat bran polypeptide, and black rice polypeptide and seed of Job's tears polypeptide, the preparation method is with embodiment 2.
Certainly, long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides, little mpd polypeptide, wheat bran polypeptide, black rice polypeptide and seed of Job's tears polypeptide also can adopt commercial product.
2) preparation method: with long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides and little mpd polypeptide, wheat bran polypeptide, the black rice polypeptide, seed of Job's tears polypeptide, photosynthetic bacteria, streptococcus fecalis, lactic acid bacteria, Bifidobacterium and bacillus are got material by above-mentioned proportioning, mix to get final product.
(2) mix poultry and livestock feed
Ratio and the full price feed for layer chicken of long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides type poultry and livestock feed additive by weight 50:100000 mixed preparation egg feedstuff, the laying hen of directly feeding.
Effect
Choose 54 of fryer on the 7th, be divided into 3 groups at random by body weight, the impartial principle of sex, every group of 18 fryer are established 3 repeating groups, and every group is repeated 6.Control group, the normal broiler fodder of feeding, test group is divided into two groups, and test group 1 mixes ratio and the animal daily ration of long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides in 10:100000, prepares feed by common process again, directly feeds; Test group 2 mixes ratio and the animal daily ration of long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides type mixed fodder additive in 10:100000, prepares feed by common process again, directly feeds.Feeding period totally 21 days writes down feed intake every day.When on-test (7d), 14d, 21d and 28d weigh respectively on an empty stomach, and put to death fryer; Strip thymus gland, spleen and the bursa of farbricius; And surrounding tissue is peeled off clean post analysis balance weigh, being calculated as follows immune organ index, microscopic examination fryer internal organs have no abnormal and pathology.Research long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides, long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides type mixed fodder additive are to growth of meat chicken and Immune Effects, and result of the test is seen table 1, table 2.
Test group is compared with control group, and the long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides obviously increases broiler weight, and wherein long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides type mixed fodder additive is more obvious to the broiler weight increase.
Eaten by broilers behind long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides and the mixed feed additive; Index and spleen index, thymus index and bursa of farbricius index all increase to some extent; Explain that long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides and mixed feed additive can significantly improve fryer immune organ index, wherein long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides mixed feed additive is more remarkable to improving fryer immune organ index effect.
Claims (6)
1. the application of long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides in poultry and livestock feed is characterized in that: long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides list is used or is mixed use with auxiliary material and prepares long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides type poultry and livestock feed additive.
2. according to the described application of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described auxiliary material comprises millet polypeptide, wheat bran polypeptide, black rice polypeptide, seed of Job's tears polypeptide, photosynthetic bacteria, streptococcus fecalis, lactic acid bacteria, Bifidobacterium and bacillus.
3. according to the described application of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides mixes the long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides type poultry and livestock feed additive that uses preparation with auxiliary material, forms as follows by weight percentage:
Long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides 65%-75%, millet polypeptide 1%-5%, wheat bran polypeptide 1%-5%, black rice polypeptide 1%-5%,
Seed of Job's tears polypeptide 1%-5%, photosynthetic bacteria 1%-3%, streptococcus fecalis 1%-3%, lactic acid bacteria 1%-3%,
Bifidobacterium 1%-3%, bacillus 1%-3%.
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described application, it is characterized in that: the weight portion proportioning of long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides type poultry and livestock feed additive and poultry and livestock feed is: poultry and livestock feed additive 1-50 part, 100000 parts of poultry and livestock feeds.
5. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described application, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of described long root mushroom mycelium polysaccharides is following:
1) ultrasonic lixiviate: long root mushroom mycelium dry powder is soluble in water, and solid-liquid ratio is pressed mass ratio 1:10-1:30, and the control temperature is 50-90 ℃, and pH value 4.0-8.0, ultrasonic power are 100W-500W, and ultrasonic time is 20min-60min;
2) microwave assisted extraction: microwave power 300W-500W, the microwave time is 20min-60min;
3) complex enzyme zymohydrolysis extracts: the complex enzyme addition is 1.0%-5.0%, and the control temperature is 30-60 ℃, and pH 4.0-8.0, enzymolysis time are 30min-60min; Suction filtration, the filtrating rotary evaporation concentrates, and adds 95% precipitation with alcohol polysaccharide of 4 times of volumes, and 2000rmp is centrifugal, and supernatant, freeze drying are removed in the back.
6. according to the described application of claim 5, it is characterized in that: described complex enzyme is cellulase and papain mixing by mass ratio 1:0.5 ~ 2.
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN1793380A (en) * | 2004-12-26 | 2006-06-28 | 陆晓民 | Process and application for producing fermant protein peptide |
WO2006119774A1 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-16 | Medimush As | Feed or food products comprising fungal material |
CN1920049A (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2007-02-28 | 上海弭阳生物技术有限公司 | Small molecule bioactive peptide, preparation method, composition and application thereof |
WO2011032244A1 (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2011-03-24 | Blazei Brazil Ltda | Flours produced from fungus myceliated grain |
CN102268467A (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2011-12-07 | 湖南民康生物技术研究所 | Polysaccharide extract of Lactarius deliciosus hypha and application thereof |
-
2012
- 2012-05-16 CN CN 201210150717 patent/CN102687801B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1793380A (en) * | 2004-12-26 | 2006-06-28 | 陆晓民 | Process and application for producing fermant protein peptide |
WO2006119774A1 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-16 | Medimush As | Feed or food products comprising fungal material |
CN1920049A (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2007-02-28 | 上海弭阳生物技术有限公司 | Small molecule bioactive peptide, preparation method, composition and application thereof |
WO2011032244A1 (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2011-03-24 | Blazei Brazil Ltda | Flours produced from fungus myceliated grain |
CN102268467A (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2011-12-07 | 湖南民康生物技术研究所 | Polysaccharide extract of Lactarius deliciosus hypha and application thereof |
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